Vertical coke oven with regenerator



Jan. 20, 1948. e. PADGETT 2,434,862

VERTICAL COKE OVEN WITH REGENERATOR Filed June 30, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 TD STACK TO STACK conic-nus MAIN Jan. 20, 1948.

G. PADGETT VERTICAL COKE OVEN WITH REGENERATOR Filed June 30, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jari. 20, 1948. G. PADGETT 2,434,862

VERTICAL COKE, OVEN WITH REGENERATOR Filed June 30, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jan. 20, 1948. v PADGETT 2,434,862

VERTICAL COKE OVEN WITH REGENERAT OR Filed June so, 1943 'e Sheets-Sheet 4 Jan. 20, 1948. e. PADGETT VERTICAL COKE OVEN WITH REGENERATOR Filed June 30, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 G. PADGETT 2,434,862 VERTICAL COKE OVEN WITH REGENERATOR I Filed June so, 1943 s Sheets-Sheet a Jan. 20, 1948,

. Patented Jan. 20, 1948 VERTICAL COKE OVEN WITH REGENERATOR Grady Padgett, Beaver, Pa.

Application June 30, 1943, Serial No. 492,915

3 Claims. (01. 202123) This invention relates to vertical coking ovens and has particular reference to a battery of the regenerative type wherein combustion or flame flues extend along a continuous horizontal path across the oven walls.

Among the broad objects of the invention are to substantially increase the economy of operation for such an oven battery through simplicity of design and consequent reduction in labor costs and through the efiiciency of heat transfer and the control thereof rendered possible by certain improved features of the invention.

A further object of the invention, and one more specific than the above, is to so arrange the combustion system that heat transfer to various well defined portions of the oven walls for a battery comprising an indeterminate number of ovens may at all times be under positive control. By virtue of the invention, heat transfer is accomplished over substantially the entire area of each oven wall and the amount of heat transferred along any horizontal area, while uniform, may be varied in accordance with the coking conditions.

Still another object of the invention is to so construct and arrange the oven battery and the regenerative heating system, together with control means for theadmission and discharge of gaseous products, as to substantially eliminate most of the smoke and dust of oven operation.

Vertical ovens may embody walls which taper from three to four inches in each feet of height. In an oven 12 inches wide at the top and 16 inches wide at the bottom, therefore, the heat required for the larger amount of coal at the bottom of the oven would be greater than is requisite for the upper portion of the charge. Furthermore, there is always a heat loss through the bottom brickwork under the fiues and also through the oven doors. The dimculty of properly heating the bottom of a vertical retort has been recognized and the usual practice is to charge breeze or small coke to a depth of between 12 and 18 inches.

These factors create certain heat requirements and to satisfy these the invention contemplates dividing the wall of the oven into horizontal segments or fiues and providing means for delivering whatever heat is necessary to coke the coal opposite each flue in the desired coking time. The coke itself is the factor which determines the amount of air and gas turned into each flue. Furthermore, my improved arrangement allows air to be drawn in at two or more points along the flame or combustion flue, retarding combustion until the last port delivers its air.

For efiiciency of operation the regenerators have been set out from under the oven so that the coke car into which the coke is discharged from the ovens may operate there. Improved means for inspection and observation of combustion and the resulting temperature of the various horizontal flues, together with an improved arrangement for admitting and controlling the admission of gas and air into the combustion or flame flues, greatly facilitates the uniform application of heat to any horizontal area of the oven walls. Through such control the requirements of variable heat application from top to bottom of the tapered wall of a vertical retort may be fully met.

Another important feature of the invention resides in so constructing and arranging the various component parts of the oven battery that the minimum weight of brick may be placed on the steel girders supporting the coking chambers and combustion flues. Vertical ovens which depend on gravity discharge of the coke eliminate the usual pushing machine. To strengthen the horizontal fiues in the battery structure one or more partitions or division walls are placed in each coking chamber.

Various other objects and meritoriousfeatures of the invention will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures, and wherein:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration in side elevation ofthe oven embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of a battery comprising'three ovens;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section along 3-3 of Fig. 1, the left half being taken through the ports from the distributing flue chambers into the combustion flue;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the combustion flues along 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the distributing flues along 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the flues along 66 of Fig. 4;

Fig. '7 is a vertical section through an oven regenerator terminates short of the top thereof to provide passages 28 which open respectively into vertical ducts 30, 32, 34, 36 and 38. It will be understood that the description and illustration in the drawings, with the exception of Fig. 1, are limited to one end of the battery, the other end being a duplicate both in structure and operation, as will be apparent. I v

Extending horizontally along eachside of each coking chamber il4 are a series of distributing flues 40 and a series of combustion or flame flues 42. These flues are arranged alternately and are vertically spaced from one another, :as will be apparent from Fig. 3. A strengthen-ing partition 44 is positioned transversely between the walls of each coking chamber Hl'l4 and extends vertically upward for substantially the height of each oven, forming a rigidifying member dividing the oven into two substantially equal parts. It will be appreciated that more than one vertically extending transverse rigidifying partition may be associated with each oven at points spaced longitudinally along the length of the even if desired.

While the flame flues 42 extend continuously across the entire length of each oven, the distributing flues 40 are-partitioned as indicated at '46 approximately midway the length thereof to divide each distributing fiue transversely into two sections. Each-of the-distributing fiues 40 is partitioned longitudinally as indicated at -'48 to form parallel chambers for the passage of either gas or air and each chamber of each distributing flue isprovided with ports 50 and 52 openingrespectively into adjacent opposite combustion fiues.

Extending longitudinally through the partitions separating adjacent regeneratorchambers Iii-24 are passages 54 and 54', which'latterare connected with a distributing conduit 56 from which rich gas may be taken off and admitted directly into combustion flues '42 under certain circumstances. The passages 54 alternate with passages 54'. The passages 54 permit adjustment of sliding bricks which control the amount of lean gas orair'being admitted to the distributing 'fiues. flame fiues which is necessaryto control the heating of the ovens.

The outer ends of passages 54 and54' areclosed by hinged caps, which are indicated at 55 in Fig. 6. They are to exclude air from the passages and are raised for inspection or adjustment.

The brickwork partitions separating vertical ducts 3038 are provided with ports 58 opposite each distributing flue, which ports open into passages 60 leading into each distributing flue #0 and providing for admission of lean gas or air into theparallel distributing chambers formed by the partition 48. Each admission opening is .controllable as to size and the consequent amount of lean gas or air admitted into its adjacent distributing chamber by means :of sliding bricks Bl positioned in the opening andcontrolledin known fashion. Each vertical duct 30-48 communicates with alternate distributing ifiues 40 of :each adjacent vertical flue assembly through ports .58 and passages '60, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 9. As has been stated, rich gas passages 54' communicate directly with each combustion flue 42 as shown clearly in Figs. 4 and '6 and are controlled'byorifices 53.

Where operating on lean gas without admixtureofrich gas, air and lean gas are introduced alternately into regenerators 16-24, .as indi- Passages '54 permit observation of cated by designating letters A and G in Fig. 5. Both gas and air are preheated during passage through their respective regenerators. The path of both into the distributing fiues and their separated distributing chambers is the same and is clearly illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6, Fig. 5 being a section through a horizontal group or layer of distributing flues into which lean gas is being admitted. The gas is preheated by passage respectively through regenerators i8 and 22 and passes through openings 28, down through vertical ducts 32 and 36, thence into oppositely dis- =p0sedPQrts58 and through openings 60 into both chambers of distributing flues 40 from which it will be discharged through ports 50 and 52 into thetwo combustion fiues 42 in vertical alignment respectively with each distributing flue and lying on Opposite sides thereof. Two or more of these ports 50 and 52 maybe associated with each chamber of each distributing flue in spaced 1ongitudinal :relation to one another, one port being closely adjacent thesadmission point of gas or air and the other approximately midway of that length of the distributing flue delineated by the transverse partitions 46. Air is admitted in the same manner from regenerators I6, 20 and 24 to'thelcombustion flues from distributing flues 46 which alternate vertically with those admitting lean gas.

'Thus it will beseen that'when operatingon lean gas and air these two requisites to combustion will be preheated by alternate regenerators, admittediinto alternate distributing fines, and from thence introduced into the same combustion or flame :flue through alternating ports 50 and 52. Combustion takes place along the entire length of the combustion flue, this action being greatly facilitated by introduction ofgas andair from the respective distributing 'flues at spaced points toward the admission end of the combustion flue, thus retarding combustion until the last port delivers its air.

Where the oven is operated on rich gas, air will pass through all the regenerators and be admitted into all of the distributing flues, thus being discharged into :each combustion or flame flue on opposite sides thereof for admixture with the rich gas which is admitted directly into the flame flue through passages 54 By virtue of the control obtainable by means of the slidingbricks associated'with each opening into each distributing flue, the temperature in each of-thevertically spaced combustion flues on each side-of each coking chamber may be accordingly controlled, thus providing the heat variable so necessary for coking efliciently with the use otvertically tapered ovens.

In operation the ovens are charged through charging door B-Z-and waste gases pass across the top of the coking chambers into standpipe 64, from which they pass into collecting mains 66. Air and lean gas are admitted into alternate regenerators 16-24 through alternate conduits :68, :01, when rich gas is used for combustion purposes,:all conduits'fia are used to admit air into all regenerators. Waste products pass through exactlythe same travel as the admitted air and gas at the other end of thebattery and are discharged through conduits 68 at :the other end into collecting main '10 which leads to the stack. Various controls of conventional nature are provided for admitting the combustibles into the regenerators and no description of this phase of the structurein addition to thatappearing in the diagrammatic illustration in Fig. '1 is believed necessary. On reversal, which may occur periodically every 15 to 30 minutes, the air and gases merely flow in the opposite direction.

Having described one embodiment of my invention which is capable of obtaining the improved results and various objectives heretofore set forth, various modifications of the arrangement will be apparent to those skilled in the art and for that reason I propose to limit myself only within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A Vertical coke oven comprising a coking chamber, continuous combustion flues extending horizontally across a side wall of said chamber, a plurality of regenerators at each end of the chamber, and means for introducing air and combustible respectively through alternate regenerators at one end of the chamber into said combustion flues, said means comprising distributing flues above and below each combustion flue, substantially coextensive therewith and communicating with each adjacent combustion flue at a plurality of points along its length, alternate of said distributing flues communicating with alternate of said regenerators, the remaining of said distributing flues communicating with the remaining of said regenerators.

2. A vertical coke oven comprising a coking chamber, continuous combustion flues extending horizontally across a side wall of said chamber, a plurality of regenerators at each end of the chamber, means at each end of said chamber for introducing gas directly into the combustion flues, and means for introducing air through the regenerators at one end of the chamber into said combustion flues, said means comprising distributing flues above and below each combustion flue, substantially coextensive therewith and communicating with each adjacent combustion flue at a plurality of points along its length, alternate of said distributing flues communicating with alternate of said regenerators, the remaining of said distributing flues communicating with the remaining of said regenerators.

3. A vertical coke oven comprising a coking chamber, continuous combustion flues extending horizontally across a side Wall of said chamber, a plurality of regenerators at each end of the chamber, means for introducing air and combustible respectively through alternate regenerators at one end of the chamber into said combustion flues, said means comprising distributing flues above and below each combustion flue, substantially coextensive therewith and communicating with each adjacent combustion fiue at a plurality of points along its length, alternate of said distributing flues communicating with alternate of said regenerators, the remaining of said distributing flues communicating with the remaining of said regenerators, and means for regulating, respectively, the quantity of air and combustible so introduced into each flue.

GRADY PADGETT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,504,493 Otto Aug. 12, 1924 1,829,608 Otto Oct. 27, 1931 2,012,447 Goetz Aug. 27, 1935 1,873,074 Van Ackeren Aug. 23, 1932 1,651,994 Cannon Dec. 6, 1927 1,772,429 Petsch Aug. 5, 1930 

